41 Crore Hectares of Wetlands Lost in 50 Years, Situation Could Worsen by 2050: SDRP Report
The earth’s “kidneys” – wetlands – are vanishing at an alarming rate, threatening biodiversity, water security, and the overall quality of human life. According to the latest State of the World’s Wetlands Outlook 2025 report, 41.2 crore hectares of wetlands have disappeared globally in the past 50 years, representing a 52% decline since 1970.
The report, prepared by the State of Development and Restoration Partnership (SDRP), warns that if current trends continue, the degradation will intensify by 2050, causing irreversible damage to ecosystems and human well-being.
Key Findings:
- Major Losses: Wetlands in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America have suffered severe depletion due to urban expansion, infrastructure projects, deforestation, and climate change.
- Economic Impact: The annual global economic loss due to wetland destruction is valued at ₹65,339.4 crore.
- Biodiversity Threat: Over 4,620 species of flora and fauna are endangered because of shrinking wetlands.
Why It Matters:
Wetlands act as natural water filters, carbon sinks, and flood buffers, while supporting fisheries, agriculture, and wildlife. Their loss increases the risk of floods, droughts, and climate instability.
India’s Wetland Status:
India has already lost 22% of its wetlands in the past five decades, with regions such as the Ganga-Brahmaputra basin witnessing rapid depletion due to encroachment, pollution, and unplanned urban growth.
The Road Ahead:
Experts emphasize urgent restoration, strict regulation against encroachment, and community-driven conservation models. Without immediate action, wetland decline will escalate, with severe ecological and socio-economic consequences by 2050.
