Landmark Labour Law Judgements 2025

Supreme Court of India

1. Pradeep Phosphates Limited v. State of Orissa and Others, 2018 LLR 1093 (SC)
   Notice of change under the Industrial Disputes Act is meant to give workmen an opportunity to be heard.
2. Bharatiya Kamgar Karmachari Mahasangh v. M/s. Jet Airways Ltd., 2023 LLR 1063 (SC)
   Settlement cannot override certified standing orders unless it is more beneficial to workers.

 

Delhi

1. Reena Kumari Gaur & Ors. v. Delhi Cantonment Board & Anr., 2022 LLR 984 (Del. HC)
   Service conditions cannot be changed during pendency of industrial dispute.
2. Bhikam Masih v. M/s Trig Detectives Pvt. Ltd., 2022 LLR 139 (Del. HC)
   Medical reasons can justify setting aside an ex-parte award.
3. Savita Gulati v. Directorate of Education & Anr., 2023 LLR 487 (Del. HC)
   Part-time employees are entitled to gratuity.
4. Director-General of Works CPWD & Anr. v. Ramraj Singh & Ors., 2021 LLR 844 (Del. HC)
   Termination of contractor workers with long service without due process is illegal.

 

Maharashtra (Bombay High Court)

1. Maruti Bhanudas Kamble v. Bajaj Auto Ltd., Pune, 2009 LLR 1074 (Bom. HC)
   Back wages cannot be denied merely because an issue was not framed.
2. Joseph Henry Martin v. ESIC & Anr., 2021 LLR 842 (Bom. HC)
   Orders passed in violation of natural justice can be challenged through writ petition.
3. Municipal Corporation of Greater Bombay v. Siddheshwar Shivaji Kamble, 1999 LLR 1190 (Bom. HC)
   Dismissal of a driver found drunk while driving a bus is justified.
4. Vidya Akhave v. Union of India, 2017 LLR 357 (Bom. HC)
   Court should not interfere with sexual harassment penalty when supported by evidence.

 

Tamil Nadu (Madras High Court)

1. Management ELGI Equipments Ltd. v. Presiding Officer, Labour Court, 2021 LLR 301 (Mad. HC)
   The person issuing a charge sheet may also act as presenting officer.
2. Chennai Yetrumathi Valaga Uzhiyargal Sangam v. Commissioner of Labour, 2019 LLR 841 (Mad. HC)
   Workers’ demonstrations are subject to reasonable restrictions.
3. Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner v. I.P. Rings Ltd., 2020 LLR 322 (Mad. HC)
   Burden of proving functional integrality between companies lies on EPF authority.
4. Vaniyambadi Nagara Oppanthadharargal Nala Sangam v. APFC, 2018 LLR 1125 (Mad. HC)
5. M/s Food Fats and Fertilizers Ltd. v. APFC, 2018 LLR 1141 (Mad. HC)
   Show cause notice should be replied with reasons instead of directly approaching High Court.

 

Karnataka

1. Pharmaceutical Chemical & Allied Employees Union v. J.L. Morrison (India) Ltd., 2018 LLR 1194 (Karn. HC)
   Bonus beyond 8.33% cannot be claimed as a right even if paid earlier.
2. Krishnappa M. v. Bharat Electronics Ltd., 2018 LLR 957 (Karn. HC)
   Union leaders must maintain integrity and set an example.
3. Suman Saurabh v. ICC Hewlett Packard Global Soft Pvt. Ltd., 2019 LLR 975 (Karn. HC)
   A person cannot be punished twice for the same offence.

 

Rajasthan

1. Smt. Shashi Bala Meena v. Punjab National Bank, 2023 LLR 863 (Raj. HC)
   Earned leave cannot be claimed as a matter of right.
2. Dr. (Smt.) Hemlata Saraswat v. State of Rajasthan, 2008 LLR 591 (Raj. HC)
   Maternity leave cannot be denied merely because salary is consolidated.
3. Hariram Choudhary v. Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation, 2020 LLR 273 (Raj. HC)
   Termination of probationer should be through a simple order.

 

Himachal Pradesh

1. Urmila Devi v. Dr. Y.S. Parmar University, 2022 LLR 888 (HP HC)
   Artificial breaks cannot deprive part-time employees of regularisation.
2. M/s Bio Veda Action Research Co. v. RPFC-II, 2023 LLR 1271 (HP HC)
   EPF liability arises only after establishing employer-employee relationship.

 

Bihar (Patna High Court)

1. CBT through APFC v. Gee Pee Furniture, 2019 LLR 787 (Pat. HC)
   RPFC orders based solely on Enforcement Officer report can be set aside.
2. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. v. Union of India, 2018 LLR 488 (Pat. HC)
   Gate passes alone do not prove employer-employee relationship.

 

Madhya Pradesh

1. Sumedha Vehicles Pvt. Ltd. v. Central Government Industrial, 2021 LLR 87 (MP HC)
   EPF authority cannot change interest rate.
2. Provimi Animal Nutrition India Pvt. Ltd. v. Secretary MP Medical & Sales Representatives Association, 2019 LLR 404 (MP HC)
   Sales Promotion Manager is not necessarily a “sales promotion employee.”

 

Jharkhand

1. Tata Steel Processing & Distribution Ltd. v. Kripa Shankar Tiwary, 2022 LLR 56 (Jhar. HC)
   Appointment of advocate as enquiry officer violating standing orders is illegal.

 

Odisha

1. Sri Narasingha Biswal v. MCL Management, 2022 LLR 1101 (Ori. HC)
   Leave cannot be granted merely by sending letters without medical leave request.

 

Kerala

1. Beemakunju v. Food Corporation of India, 2001 LLR 743 (Ker. HC)
   Departmental enquiry is not mandatory in every case of abandonment of service.

 

Gujarat

1. Director, District Rural Development Agency v. Kishorkumar D. Tank, 2018 LLR 542 (Guj. HC)
   Long service on daily wages alone does not justify regularisation.

 

West Bengal (Calcutta High Court)

1. Ajay Jalan v. State of West Bengal, 2018 LLR 1254 (Cal. HC)
   Directors cannot be held vicariously liable for company’s statutory dues.
2. West Bengal Power Development Corporation Ltd. v. Union of India, 2022 LLR 436 (Cal. HC)
   Damages cannot be levied without identifying beneficiaries.

 

Assam (Gauhati High Court)

1. Binay Kumar Diwana v. Union of India, 2023 LLR 979 (Gau. HC)
   Employees in transferable posts cannot claim a fixed place of work.